Single direction

Diode , among electronic components, a device with two electrodes that only allows current to flow in a single direction, many of which are used for its rectification. The feature about current of most diodes is often referred to as the "Rectifying" function. The most common function of a diode is to allow only current to pass in a single direction (called forward bias) and block in reverse (called reverse bias). Therefore, the diode can be thought as an electronic version of the cut-off valve.

P-N junction principle

In the early days, there were vacuum electronic diodes. There is a PN junction and two lead terminals inside the semiconductor diode. This kind of electronic device has the conductivity of unidirectional current according to the direction of the max external voltage. In general, a crystal diode is a p-n junction interface formed by sintering a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. A space charge layer is formed on both sides of the interface to form a self-built electric field. When the external voltage is equal to zero,due to the difference in the concentration of the carriers on both sides of the p-n junction,causing the diffusion current to be equal to the drift current caused by the self-built electric field, it is in an electrical equilibrium state.That is also a diode characteristic in a normal state. The most common diodes use mostly semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium.

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